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LENZING Plastics
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About us
Filaments
FAQs
Here are answers to some of our customer’s questions that are regularly asked.
Which base products are used for the filament prodcution?
Oil, natural gas, occasionally coal.
Which refinery products are made from oil?
4% Refinery gas
43% So-called medium distillates such as oil,
light fuel oil, diesel
23% Heavy fuel oil
7% Bitumen, tar
23% Naphta
Which products are extracted from naphta?
Naptha is made up of 75-85% motor fuel and 15-25% chemical fuel (depending on productivity, quality and source of the raw oil).
Plastics come from chemical fuel (3,4 – 6% content in the raw oil).
Which products are extracted from chemical fuel?
22% Ethylene (base material for Polyethylene
and PVC)
11% Propylene (base material for Polypropylene)
5% Butandiol
4% Toluol
6% Benzol (base material for Polyamide)
17% motor fuel
23% light and heavy fuel oil
12% paraffin, phenol and other acids
The production of plastics is done through polymerisation and polycondensation.
Synthetic filaments – properties and technical characteristics
Polyamide 612
Flexible, outstanding bend recovery, excellent abrasion resistance.
Moisture absorption max 3%
Continuous working temperature +80-100°C/- ca. 20°C
Softening point: ca. 120 ºC
Melting point: ca. 212 ºC
Polyamide 6
Good bend recovery, good abrasion resistance
Moisture absorption max 10%
Continuous working temperature +80-100°C/-ca. 20°C
Softening point: ca. 120 ºC
Melting point: ca. 215ºC
Polyester PET
Flexible and very stiff, good bend recovery, sensitive to cracking, good abrasion resistance.
Moisture absorption less than 1%
Continuous working temperature +65-80°C/-ca. 10-20°C
Softening point: ca. 140 ºC
Melting point: ca. 260 ºC
Polyethylene PE
Soft material
Moisture absorption ca. 0,01%
Continuous working temperature +ca. 60-80°C/-ca. 20°C
Melting point: ca. 140 ºC
Polyamide 66
Stiff material, very good bend recovery, good abrasion resistance
Moisture absorption max. 8%
Continuous working temperature +ca. 80-100°C/-ca. 20°C
Softening point: ca. 140 ºC
Melting point: ca. 255 ºC
Polyester PBT
Flexible, outstanding bend recovery, very good abrasion resistance, excellent long lasting temperature resistance in dry heat
Moisture absorption less than 0,5%
Continuous working temperature
+ca. 80-120°C/-ca. 10-20°C
Softening point: ca. 140 ºC
Melting point: ca. 225 ºC
Polypropylene PP
Stiff, not very flexible, less bend recovery and abrasion resistance than polyamides and polyesters.
Moisture absorption less than 1%
Continuous working temperature +60-80°C/-ca. 10°C
Softening point: ca. 100 ºC
How to identify a synthetic filament
a = Behaviour when bending
b = Burn test
c = Smell
Polyamide 6 - 612
a. Hard, springy
b. Burns further after ignition, bluey yellow rim, crackles, drips, goes stringy
c. smells like "singed hair"
Acid test (in formic acid):
70% Formic acid + 30% distilled water dissolves polyamide 6
80% Formic acid + 20% distilled water dissolves polyamide 66
90% Formic acid + 10% distilled water – only polyamide 610 or 612 will survive
Polyester PET
a. Hard, springy
b. Continues to burn, bright, crackles, drips, smokes
c. Sweet, irritates
PVC
a. Hard, springy
b. Only burns under a flame (extinguishes without), yellow smoke, makes flame a little green
c. Like hydrochloric acid, pungent
Polypropylene PP
a. Hard
b. Burns further after ignition, yellow flame with a blue crown, burning drips
c. Like paraffin
Polyethylene PE
a. Soft
b. Burns further after ignition, yellow flame with a blue crown, burning drips
c. Like paraffin
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